《科学》（20230922出版）一周论文导读

 
 
《科学》（20230922出版）一周论文导读  
 

 

Science,  22 SEP 2023, VOLUME 381, ISSUE 6664

《科学》2023年9月22日，第381卷，6664期

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天体化学Astrochemistry

Endogenous CO2 ice mixture on the surface of Europa and no detection of plume activity

木卫二表面的内源性干冰混合物

▲ 作者：G. L. VILLANUEVA L. ROTH, K. P. HAND, L. PAGANINI, J. STANSBERRY , AND G. LIUZZI

▲ 链接：https://www.science.org/doi/full/10.1126/science.adg4270

▲ 摘要：

木卫二在冰冷的地壳下有一个地下海洋。其海洋内部情况尚不清楚，也不清楚它是否与海面相连。研究者用詹姆斯·韦布太空望远镜观察木卫二，通过探测其表面和大气来寻找活跃的物质释放。

对羽流的搜索没有检测到水、一氧化碳、甲醇、乙烷或甲烷荧光辐射，但检测了干冰的四种光谱特征；它们的光谱形状和在木卫二表面的分布表明，二氧化碳与其他化合物混合在一起，集中在塔拉地区。研究者认为观测结果表明碳来自木卫二内部。

▲ Abstract：

Jupiter’s moon Europa has a subsurface ocean beneath an icy crust. Conditions within the ocean are unknown, and it is unclear whether it is connected to the surface. We observed Europa with the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) to search for active release of material by probing its surface and atmosphere. A search for plumes yielded no detection of water, carbon monoxide, methanol, ethane, or methane fluorescence emissions. Four spectral features of carbon dioxide (CO2) ice were detected; their spectral shapes and distribution across Europa’s surface indicate that the CO2 is mixed with other compounds and concentrated in Tara Regio. We interpret these observations as indicating that carbon is sourced from within Europa.The distribution of CO2 on Europa indicates an internal source of carbon

二氧化碳在木卫二上的分布表明了碳的内部来源

▲ 作者：SAMANTHA K. TRUMBO AND MICHAEL E. BROWN

▲ 链接：https://www.science.org/doi/full/10.1126/science.adg4155

▲ 摘要：

木卫二地下海洋化学成分在很大程度上是未知的。以前在木卫二表面检测到二氧化碳，但无法确定它是来自地下海洋化学，由撞击带来的，还是由撞击带来的物质的辐射处理在表面产生的。

研究者利用詹姆斯·韦布太空望远镜获得的观测数据绘制了木卫二上二氧化碳的分布图。他们在塔拉地区发现了高浓度的二氧化碳，这是最近重新地表的地形。这表明二氧化碳来源于内部碳源。

研究者认为二氧化碳是在海洋内部形成的，尽管不能排除二氧化碳是通过海洋有机物或碳酸盐的辐射分解转化在海洋表面形成的。

▲ Abstract：

Jupiter’s moon Europa has a subsurface ocean, the chemistry of which is largely unknown. Carbon dioxide (CO2) has previously been detected on the surface of Europa, but it was not possible to determine whether it originated from subsurface ocean chemistry, was delivered by impacts, or was produced on the surface by radiation processing of impact-delivered material. We mapped the distribution of CO2 on Europa using observations obtained with the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST). We found a concentration of CO2 within Tara Regio, a recently resurfaced terrain. This indicates that the CO2 is derived from an internal carbon source. We propose that the CO2 formed in the internal ocean, although we cannot rule out formation on the surface through radiolytic conversion of ocean-derived organics or carbonates.　

化学Chemistry

Solid-solvent processing of ultrathin, highly loaded mixed-matrix membrane for gas separation

固溶处理超薄、高负荷混合基质膜用于气体分离

▲ 作者：GUINING CHEN, CAILING CHEN, YANAN GUO, ZHENYU CHU, YANG PAN, GUOZHEN LIU, GONGPING LIU , YU HAN, WANQIN JIN, AND NANPING XU

▲ 链接：https://www.science.org/doi/full/10.1126/science.adi1545

▲ 摘要：

以沸石和金属有机骨架（MOF）为代表的纳米多孔晶体材料，自然包含连续的孔隙系统，可以使气体分离，但很难将它们加工成坚固的大薄片。